Internal-combustion-engine cooling system



Feb. 3, 1931. A. F. MAsURY ET AL INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE COOLINGSYSTEM Filed Oct. 5, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Feb. 3, 1931. A. F. MAsURY ETAL INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE COOLING SYSTEM Filed Got. 3, 1927 2Sheets-Sheet 2 Jupp m. M 1 w mm. o N101: n fwn #A mw Patented Feb.- 3,19.31A

PATENT OFFICE UNITED STATES ALFRED *F..MASURL WILLIAM B. JUIPP, ANDROBERT Gr. ANDERSON, OF NEW YORK, y1\l'. Y., ASSIGNORS T0 INTERNATIONALMOTOR COMPANY, 0F NEW YORK, N. Y., A

CORPORATION OF DELAWARE kIN'IERNAL-COMBUSTI0N-E'AYULStIIQ'E COOLING-SYSTEM Applicaton led October 3, 1927. Serial N'o. 223,629.

The present invention relates to cooling systems of the type used onvehicles and is applicable, particularly, to rail car constructionswhere considerabley heat is to' be dissipated due to the large amount ofpower which is required to be generated. In constructions of this typeit is desirable thatthe outer sides of the vehicles be freefromprojections and have a surface, the greater part of which is unbrokenincontinuity.

Consideration of these features in connecg tion with the problem ofproviding adequate cooling facilities for the engine has resulted in theinvention embodied herein, yan object of which is to incorporate inthebodyof a rail car, a radiator which has supplied thereto an adequatecurrent of cooling air, the radiator being suitably positioned withinthe bod f `,eryfurther object of the invention is to utilize the headwind for cooling the radiator without obstructing the front of the car,the construction being such that when the car is traveling rearwardly, avacuum will be oreated in such relation to the cooling apparatus that asufficient reverse current to effect the cooling will be effected.

In addition to the above objects, thepresent invention contemplatesembodying with the above features a second radiator to lwhich currentsof air are conducted by suitable eductors associated with the exhaust ofthe engine. These elements are mounted to take air from the side of thecar so that the water in the cooling system willv initially flow throughthe roof radiator to be cooled thereby, and then pass to the secondradiator' which is cooled by air drawn from the side of the car by theeductor. v

Other objects will appear asthe invention is set forth in detail andreference will now be had to the accompanying drawings for a moredetailed description of the invention, wherein z,

Figure l is an elevationillustrating the- Figure 2 is a side elevationof the device shown in Figure l.

Figure 3 is an elevation of a modiied form` of the invention wherein theside radiators are removed from the sides of the car and constructed totake air from beneath the roof radiators. y v

Figure' 4: is a side elevation of the oonstruction shownin Figure 3. Y

Referring particularly to Figures 1 and 2,

a; indicates an internal combustion engine of desired form provided witha water pump b which circulates cooling water through the engine andoutpipe c ando to a roof radiator d. The path taken by this coolingmedium is indicated by dotted arrows in the lfigures.y

This radiator is constructed toconform, geni erally, with the outline ofthe roof of the car f and isA relatively shallow,'the greatest widthfreezing vmixture'unnecessary The pump b Y is designed togive'insuiiicient head to the water to circulate it through theradiators when the engine' is idling. and, if desired, a by pass may besupplied to permit the circulation of. the liquid without passingthrough the radiators. In this manner the radiators are protected.during extremely cold weather when'V the flow of the coolingr liquid'isin-Q adequate to prevent the freezing thereof. 'l

This construction insures a `hot. engine at idling speed and preventsthe eXposureof the'v watertothe' cold air at low speeds.v

The ear is constructed with a visor g which catches the head wind, whenVthe car is in motion forwardly and forces it into thecham'f` ber 71;beneath the roof radiator d. From this chamber the air passes upwardlythrough the roof radiator and out at the top of the car as indicated bythe solid arrows in Figure 2. lt will be quite apparent that if the caris moving rearwardly the suction created by that portion of the carunder the visor will cause the air to be drawn downwardly through theroot radiator and its path reversed in this manner. lThe reversed solidarrows indicate this path.

rihe direction of the flow or air through the radiator can be controlledregardless oi' the direction or' movement or" the car by controlling thepressure diiierential between the sides of the radiator. To do thisbaies are placed at suitable points on the vehicle to create regions ofhigh and low pressure which induce the desired flow.

The side radiator c is cooled by means of an eductor construction whichutilizes the Venturi effect of the exhaust gases of the engine. rlhepath of the exhaust gases is indicated by dot and dash arrows, andconsists of the pipe z' and z" leading the gases to a plurality ofVenturi throats 2 and out through the top of the car 3. About theseVenturi throats is a housing j which restricts the iiow of air throughthe eductor and communicates with an enclosure j about the side radiatore. This enclosure in turn communi- Cates with the outside of the carthrough openings y'2 and in this manner, cooling air is drawn from theside of the car, through enclosure j, and housing j, and expelledthrough the top of the car at fig. The path 1 of such air is indicatedby solid arrows in Figure 1.

If desired, a jacket lc may be provided for the exhaust pipe 77, andconstructed to communicate with the housing y'. With this construction,the exhaust gases also serve to ventilate the interior of the cab andmaintain it at a desired temperature.

In orderthat the engine and generator unit may be cooled moreeffectively, and at the same time a means provided for draining theengine eXteriorly of the car, a drain valve and pipe o are provided, thepipe discharging into a tube b2 secured to the under portion of the car.The tube may, in turn, discharge at any desired location with respect tothe wheels or other structure under the car body and at the dischargeend scoops b are Jformed, facing in either direction. ln his manner, airwill be deilected into the tube b2 and carried into the cab under thepower units, thus serving to cool the under portions thereof.

The usual auxiliary heating plant f for heating the car in cold weatheris provided with a. coil f2 which connects to a coil f3 in thecollecting tanlr By means of valve f4, the collected water may be heatedfrom the plant f in cold weather to aid in starting as well as servingto heat the car when the plant is shut down in seasons of the year whena slight heating may be desirable. rlhis also serves as an additionalcooling means ior the water of the cooling system. The water supply isobtained from a reservoir Z through a pipe line Z.

Within one of the pipes oi the upper bank of the radiator a drain pipe mis provided having apertures therein and adownwardly extending end m. inthe header and pipe c2.

When the system is being used and water passes through the lower bank ofpipes, a suction will be produced in the pipe m due to the resultingflow about the end m. This will remove the air from the upper bank andfacilitate its iilling with water. Likewise, when the system is beingdrained, pipe m will enable air to be supplied to the upper portionthereof and thus permit the water to be drained oil quickly.

,Figures 3 and l show a modified Jiorm of the invention, wherein theside radiators e are moved to the center of the cab, and enclosure jformed in the nature of a` continuation of housing instead ofcommunicating with the exterior of the cab through openings j2, theenclosures communicate through openings js with the chamber h beneaththe rooi radiators. ln this construction, if the car is standing still,the roof radiators will be rendered more effective than in theconstruction shown in Figures l and 2, since the air drawn through theside radiators e will pass through, or under, the roof radiators cl.

The above description sets forth a cooling system which is eilectiveunder all conditions, the visor g serving to catch the head wind andforce it through the roof radiator in Figures l and 2, and the root andside radiators in Figures 8 and Ll. llVhen the car is moving in thereverse direction, the vacuum created under the visor will createreverse flow of air and in this manner effectively cool the radiators,and when the car is standing still, the exhaust through the Venturieductor causes a flow ot' cooling air through the side radiators aswell, in Figures 3 and 4E, as through the roof radiators. Although theinvention has been described with reference to the speciiicconstructions sho vn herein, it is obvious that the parts may berearranged and designed in other ways, and the invention is not to belimited save as defined in the appended claims.

What we claim is:

l. [i cooling system :tor vehicles comprising means to carry a radiatorat the top of a vehicle, means to conduct a cooling medium to theradiator, and a visor formed by a continuation of the top of the vehiclethe profile ci the visor conforming to the profile of the top to causethe cooling medium to flow through the conducting means.

2. A cooling system comprising means to carry a`radiator in the roof ota body of a leo vehicle with the upper side thereof exposed rail car, aradiator, and means for mounting toy the atmosphere and conforming tothe profile of the top of the roof, and means to cause cooling air toiiow through the radiator.

3. A cooling system comprising means to mount a radiator on the roof ofa body of a vehicle, a visor formed by an extension on the top thereof,means to cause a'flow oi' air through the visor and the radiator, andmeans to cause the other side of the radiator to communicate with theatmosphere through the root' of the vehicle.

1i. A cooling system for a vehicle comprising a plurality of adjacentradiators disposed in intersecting planes, means to causo air to flow inone path through one of the radiators, and means to cause a flow of airthrough the other radiator in a different path.

5. A cooling system for a vehicle comprising a roof radiator, a sideradiator, means to cause air to iiow through one of the radiators, andmeans to cause a iowoif air through the other radiator.

6. A cooling systemfor ai vehicle, comprising a plurality of radiators,means to cause air to flow through one of the radiators, means to causethe one side thereot` to coinniunicate with the atmosphere through theroof of the vehicle, and means to cause a fiow of air through the otherradiator.

7. A cooling system for a vehicle comprising a plurality of radiators,eductor means associated with the engine exhaust of the vehicle, meansassociated with the eductor and one of the radiators to cause air toiiow therethrough, and other cooling means to cause air to flow throughanother oi the radiators.

8. A cooling system for a vehicle, comprisin@` a roof radiator, a sideradiator, eductor means associated with the engine exhaust ot thevehicle, means associated with the eductor and one of the radiators tocause air to iiow therethrough, and means to cause air to flow throughthe other radiator from the outside of the vehicle. v

9. A cooling system for vehicles comprising a roof radiator, sideradiator, means to f cause the air to iiow through the root radiator instreams parallel to the vehicle, means to permit the cooling air to flowthrough the roof of the vehicle, eductor means yassociated with theengine exhaust of the vehicle, and means associated with the eductor andthe side 'radiatorv to cause air to flow therethrough. 1

10. In a roof radiator construction for a rail car, a false roofconforming to the proiile of the top Voi the car, a radiator formedtherein and communicating with the atmos-V phere through the false roof,and a true roof under the false'rooi forming a ventilatin passage forthe cooling air passing throug f the radiator. f

11. .In a roof radiator construction` for a the radiator within theroot` with its upper surface exposed to the atmosphere and iiush withthe roof line, whereby head resistance offered thereby is eliminated.

5 12. In a vehicle having a roof provided.

with an opening therein, a radiator disposed in the opening flush withthe profile of the roof and having its largest superficial radiatingsurface exposed to the atmosphere. K

13. In a vehicle having a root provided with an opening therein, aradiator disposed in the opening flush with the profile of the roof andhaving its largest superficial radiating surface exposed to theatmosphere, and means to circulate cooling air through the radiator bymovement of the vehicle.

14. 1n a vehicle having a roof provided with an opening therein, aradiator having a long andv short dimension and disposed hori- Zontallyin the opening and lush'with the proiile of the roof. 'f

15. In a vehicle having a roof provided,

with an opening therein, a radiator having a long and short dimensionand disposed horizontally in the opening and means to circulate coolingairthrough the radiator in the direction of the short dimension.

Vface of greatest radiating extent kis exposed to the atmosphere, andmeans to circulate cooling air upwardly through the radiator by movementof the vehicle.

rlhis speciiication signed this 20th day of June, A. D. 1927.-

ALFRED F. MASURY. WILLIAM B. JUPP. ROBERT G. ANDERSON.

